Exanthem rash = widespread skin rash
Virus
1) Measles (Rubeola) – Koplic spots in the buccal mucosa, high fever, conjunctivitis, barking cough – MMR
2) Mumps (Rubula) – parotid saliva gland (can be unilateral or bilateral) – MMR (同じMMRの仲間なので入れておきます）
3) Rubella (German Measles/3-day Measles – mild, Forchheimer spots in the mouth or throat – MMR
4) Chicken pox (Varicella-Zoster Virus) – anti-virus med (eg. acyclovir) can be given within 24 H after rash appears.
5) Fifth disease (erythema infectiosum) – parvovirus B19 – slapped cheek
6) Roseola (6th disease) – Human Herpes virus 6 or 7 – High fever, rash, swollen eyelids – rash mostly upper chest
Bacteria
Scarlet Fever (Scarlatina) – Group A Strep – Strawberry tongue – rash starts from groins or axillas (apocrine glands) – Tx = ABT for Strep – penicillin, amoxicillin
exanthem